This series of country reports is the first time that a comprehensive overview of urban air quality management (AQM) at the country level has been prepared in Asia. Synthesis reports have been prepared for 17 countries and one city. A summary synthesis report has also been prepared. It reviews and highlights the key trends in pollution sources, concentrations and impacts, as well as policies to improve air quality in Asia, and point to some future directions. Research compilation for this country synthesis report (CSR) on Urban AQM was led by the Clean Air Initiative for Asian Cities (CAI–Asia) Secretariat, with inputs by a range of organizations and air quality experts from across Asia and elsewhere and facilitated by the Asian Development Bank (ADB) through its Regional Technical Assistance No. 6291: Rolling Out Air Quality Management in Asia.